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Walter O. Mason Jr.

The Father of TRIO



The Life of Walter O. Mason Jr.

  Walter Oscar Mason Jr. lived a life of service and commitment to equal opportunity in education. Mason was born on May 5,   1922, in Texas.  His   family moved to Oklahoma, where he was raised and completed his educational journey. Upon graduating   from high school, Mason enrolled   at   Langston University in 1940. During World War II, Mason decided to pause his studies   to serve in the U.S. Army. In 1947, Mason graduated with his bachelor's degree from Langston University.

 Having a strong interest in education, Mason began working as a secondary school teacher. In 1950, he decided to further his   education and enrolled in The Oklahoma Agricultural and Mechanical College, now Oklahoma State University. Mason   graduated   with his Master of Science in   Education in 1953. Mason later went on to pursue Doctoral Studies at the University   of Oklahoma.   Mason married Minnie Saddler, and together   they had two children, Walter O. Mason III and Sylvia (Mason)   Powell.

 Mason continued to be a strong advocate for Education and TRIO throughout his career. He is often referred to as “The father of TRIO” because of his commitment to the advancement of student assistance and the success of TRIO programs. Mason passed away on August 17, 1986, in Oklahoma City, Ok.


Career Highlights


  • Mason served in the U.S. Army from 1940 - 1947


  • Mason's career in secondary education was followed by his vital work with the TRIO program, which began in the 1960s. 

  • Led the Oklahoma City Action Program 1965


  • He was involved in drafting the Higher and Continuing Education Act of 1965 and was a key figure in creating the Upward Bound program, even helping to design its logo. 


  • In 1968, he served as the Director of Upward Bound at Oklahoma Baptist University (OBU), where he became the institution's first Black professor. 


  • He was instrumental in organizing the Oklahoma Division of Student Assistance formed in 1971 


  • He also founded the Southwest Association of Student Assistance Programs (SWASAP) 1972

    Served as a Senior Program Officer for the U.S. Office of Education in Region VI.

Contributions to Society 

Early Life & Education

Walter O. Mason Jr. began his college journey in 1940 at Langston University. His studies were interrupted by service in World War II, but he returned to earn his bachelor’s degree in 1947. After a career in teaching and school administration, he pursued graduate studies at Oklahoma A&M (now Oklahoma State University), following the landmark McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents Supreme Court case that ended segregation in graduate programs. He earned his Master of Science degree in 1953.

Breaking Barriers in Higher Education

In 1968, Mason became the first Black professor at Oklahoma Baptist University (OBU). That same year, students formed the Afro-American Society, now the Black Student Union. He earned life tenure in 1971 and served as director of OBU’s TRIO Upward Bound Program, helping underrepresented high school students prepare for college.

Pioneer of Federal TRIO Programs

Walter Mason was a driving force behind the creation and expansion of the Federal TRIO Programs, aimed at supporting first-generation and low-income students. He believed education could break cycles of poverty and worked tirelessly to build access for underrepresented groups.


                                


What was happening in the world that made his work important?

  • Civil Rights Movement: Mason Jr. was involved in the civil rights movement during the 1950s and 1960s, a period marked by efforts to end racial segregation and discrimination against African Americans. His advocacy in education contributed to the push for equal access to quality education for all students, regardless of race.
  • Educational Equity: His career focused on promoting educational equity, particularly for African American students. This aligned with the broader movement seeking to dismantle systemic inequalities in education, highlighted by landmark cases like Brown v. Board of Education (1954), which declared racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional.

  • Community Empowerment: Mason Jr. worked to empower marginalized communities through education and mentorship. His efforts were part of a larger trend in the 1960s and 1970s that emphasized grassroots organizing and community development as means to address social issues.

  • Response to Poverty: His focus on education was also intertwined with efforts to combat poverty, particularly within African American communities. This aligns with the War on Poverty initiated in the 1960s, which aimed to reduce poverty through various social programs and reforms.

  • Cultural and Social Change: His work took place during a time of significant cultural change in the United States, including shifts in attitudes toward race, gender, and social justice. Mason Jr. contributed to these changes through his educational initiatives and advocacy for inclusive practices.

  • Integration of Schools: As schools began to integrate following the civil rights movement, Mason Jr. played a role in addressing the challenges that came with this transition, advocating for policies and practices that supported diverse student populations.

  • Legacy of Activism: His contributions to education and social justice have been recognized as part of a broader legacy of activism that has influenced subsequent generations of educators and activists committed to equity and inclusion.


A Lasting Impact

Walter O. Mason Jr. 's work laid the foundation for generations of students to access, thrive, and graduate from college. His leadership in education policy, TRIO programs, and civil rights continues to inspire those fighting for equity in higher education.

The Legacy continues as honorees are awarded one of these three prestigious awards.

  • Walter O. Mason Education Foundation (portraying its namesake): Established in 1988 by SWASAP, it offers annual scholarships ($500 each) for TRIO participants in AR, LA, NM, OK, and TX. Click the link for more information.


  • Walter O. Mason Jr. Award: The highest honor from the Council for Opportunity in Education (COE), given at national TRIO conferences to those exemplifying his legacy. Click the link for more information.  


  • Walter O. Mason Jr. Kingdom Diversity Hall of Fame Award: Presented by Oklahoma Baptist University to honor efforts in diversity and inclusion within its community. Click the link for more information.


Testimonies inspired by Walter O Mason Jr. 

 “If you work in TRIO, you have the responsibility to be our brother’s keeper. Like Walter O. Mason, you must be dedicated to the advancement of all…”

—Antonio C. Stephens

“One of Mason’s singular talents was breaking through and forming a rainbow coalition.”   

—Randy Schroeder

“TRIO not only taught me skills, but it taught me that I have worth, unlimited potential, and that I belong anywhere I want to be.” 

—Lydia Perez, Upward Bound Alumni

‘’When I think of Walter O Mason, I think of integrity and leadership.”

—-Willie Zanders, Founding Member SWASAP

“He is my hero, my mentor, and he’ll always be.”

—Oscar Hernandez, Project Stay, Inc.

                             




This project was created by the SWASAP ELI 2025 Cohort: 

Eilleen Garcia (New Mexico), LaKisha Jackson (Texas), Donica Johnson (Louisiana), Nick Mizell (Oklahoma), Lani Padilla (New Mexico), 

Daniel Pletcher (Arkansas), Brandy Stewart (Louisiana), Erica Vesco (Oklahoma) 




Works Cited

Council for Opportunity in Education. (2024, October 30). Three TRIO Leaders Honored with the 2024 Walter O. Mason Jr. Award for Exceptional Contributions to Educational Opportunity. https://coenet.org/news-impact/blog/2024-walter-o-mason-jr-award-recipients/#:~:text=a%20rainbow%20coalition.%E2%80%9D-,The%20Walter%20O.,the%20quest%20for%20educational%20equity.


Hinton, Carla. (2022). “Surprise Estate Sale Treasure Trove Leads to OBU Honoring First Black 

Professor” The Oklahoman. Retrieved from: 

https://www.oklahoman.com/story/lifestyle/2022/02/19/obu-pays-tribute-walter-o-mason-jr-first-black-professor-shawnee-school/6734407001/


OBU Library: Archives and Special Collections: Walter O. Mason Jr. Walter O. Mason Jr.- Archives and Special Collections- OBU Library at Oklahoma Baptist University. (n.d.) Retrieved from: https://okbu.libguides.com/archivesandspecialcollections/WalterMasonJr


Southwest Association of Student Assistance Programs - Walter O. Mason. (n.d.).  https://swasap.wildapricot.org/Walter-O.Mason


Walter O. “Butch” Mason Jr. (1922-1986) Find a Grave. (2011). Retrieved from: https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/65111379/walter-o-mason



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